Pandit Sahaz
Bhat
The scholar
with a healing touch
Pandit Sahaz Bhat
[
That
the legendary Unani hakim of Kashmir,
Pandit Sahaz Bhat, was a profound scholar
also, is a fact not known even to his
grandson, Dr. R. N. Bhat, till NSKRI
discovered it and brought out this
unlikely dimension of his personality in a
recent issue of 'Unmesh'.
And while his
miracle cures remain etched on public
memory and have given to Kashmiri parlance
a proverb commonly used even now, we
profile here the other Sahaz Bhat with the
help of inputs from his grandson, Dr. R.N.
Bhat and great grandson, Dr. Ayushyaman
Bhat. To the latter we are thankful for
the photograph of Pandit Sahaz Bhat. ] |
Born
in 1862, Sahaz Kak Bhat, or Sahaz Bhat (S.B.), as
he was popularly known, was the last of the six
children of his parents. He must have been barely
four when he lost his father and was brought up by
his elder brother, Pandit Sat Kak, who held the
important position of Royal Physician to the
Maharaja of J & K State. For his formal
schooling, S.B. was sent to the CMS School at
Fateh Kadal, Srinagar where English was taught as
an essential subject. S.B. was, however, not
prepered to learn a language in which 'no' comes
before 'yes' and soon told his elder brother that
he would rather learn Persian, Arabic and of
course, Sanskrit. He started taking Sanskrit and
Persian lessons at home from his family guru, but
discontinued these when the teacher treated him
harshly.
Now on he learned by the
self education method, and taught himself not only
these languages but also Unani medicine that he
eventually adopted as a profession to become a
physician like elder brother Sat Kak. His
pronunciation of both Arabic and Sanskrit was so
flawless that it was difficult to make out in
which of these languages he was better versed. If
he became the greatest Unani hakim of his time in
Kashmir, it was clearly due to his self effort.
A deeply religious
person, S.B. was, however, catholic and liberal in
his outlook, refusing to distinguish between man
and man on the basis of caste, creed or colour. He
was always immaculately dressed wearing a saffron
and sandalwood paste tilak on his forehead. While
treating his patients, the religiously inclined
physician would not depend on his pharmacopeia
alone, he would even take recourse to reciting
prayers in Sanskrit or Arabic if only for a
psychological effect on the patient. Nobility,
generosity and philanthropy were his basic
character traits that he displayed at the
professional level often. He would treat the poor
generally free of cost, through he would not
hesitate from accepting large sums from his
affluent patients as he needed money to run his
charitable clinic.
"Pandit Sahaz Bhat
was tall and handsome with a longish face and
magnetic grace. His gait was majestic, his
demeanour kingly, his disposition scholarly. By
temperament he was magnanimous and benevolent and
his generosity was proverbial. In conversation he
was scholarly and inspiring. He had a musical
voice and a handwriting that was calligraphic, so
beautiful that his patients would often preserve
his prescriptions in velvet bags to use them as
amulets." This pen- potrait drawn by Dr. R.N.
Bhat of his grandfather shows the kind of person
that this physician among scholars and scholar
among physicians was.
As for S.B. the scholar,
it was his phenomenal knowledge of Persian,
Sanskrit and Arabic that prompted the then
Maharaja of J & K State to draft him into his
Translation Department in 1890 as its head where
he also looked after the publication of Sanskrit
texts on philosophy, medicine, law etc.
With his mastery over
Sanskrit, S.B. worked with Sir Aurel Stein and
Pandit Govind Kaul in compiling a descriptive
catalogue of 6000 Sanskrit manuscripts for
Maharaja Ranbir Singh's Raghunath Temple Library
at Jammu. Considered a feat in scholarship, the
catalogue was printed in Bombay in 1894. S.B.
painstakingly prepared extracts from each
manuscript for the catalogue. Wrote Stein of
S.B.'s labours: "For the most conscientious
and scholarly manner in which Sahaz Bhat
discharged it, I feel all the more obliged as I
can well realize how irksome a great portion of
the work e.g. the careful reproduction of
innumerable classical errors and apashabdas of the
manuscripts must have been to his Pandit instinct.
His learning and thorough acquaintance with the
methods of Indian scholarship especially in the
shastras traditionally cultivated in Kashmir have
on many occasions most usefully supplemented my
printed source of references".
Another work in which S.B.
collaborated with Stein and Govind Kaul was Hindi
translation of the Sanskrit chronicles of Kashmir,
but it could not be completed due to Govind Kaul's
sudden death in 1899.
In 1935, S.B. passed away
after a fullfilling life of a scholar and
physicican always sought after by fame. Aurel
Stein's regard for his scholarship can be summed
up in the following excerpt from a nostalgic
letter he wrote to Alden, one of his friends in
Vienna, in 1905:
"I gathered my old
entourage. It was pleasure to talk the language of
gods and though my interests have now moved far
northward, I shall try to keep my old friend
Pandit Sahaz Bhat by me when I occupy winter
quarters at Gupkar where he had been with me and
Govind Kaul in the old days."
Inputs by:
Dr. R.N. Bhat
Dr. Ayushyaman Bhat
S. N. Pandita
Source:
Unmesh
- Monthly Newsletter of N.S.
Kashmir Research Institute
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